SUDS 2022

Real-time visualization of important variables along low-dimensional manifolds

Research description:

Nonlinear low-dimensional embeddings (such as van der Maaten and Hinton’s t-SNE) are great for visualizing high-dimensional data, allowing humans to see shapes and clusters in the data. Unfortunately, interpreting those embeddings can be a bit trickier because the axes of the embedding cannot be directly related to the original features of interest. We can see patterns in the embedding, but figuring out what those patterns correspond to in the original data is much harder. We propose to solve this problem by allowing the user to interactively draw a path in a web app directly onto a 2D embedding. Then, by back projecting up to the high dimensional space where each dimension/variable is a potential feature of interest, we can quickly determine which variables are associated with that path in the browser. This project’s output will be an interactive web app that allows users to do data analysis in the browser without needing to connect to a central server.

Year: 2022

Researcher:
Yun Williams Yu, Computer & Mathematical Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough

Student: 
Kiran Deol, University of Alberta

Through SUDS, undergraduate students engage in hands-on research focused on data sciences and AI methodology applications.

Public health decision support tools to prevent chronic disease

Research description:

The student will support the work of the Collaborative Research Team using data science and human factors engineering to enhance and deploy decision support tools for the prevention of chronic diseases. The tool uses cross-sectional data from Statistics Canada’s Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS). In preliminary work, we conducted focus groups with the target user group of public health practitioners, identifying the need to update the tool with recent data. Since there have been significant changes to the CCHS survey methodology and specific variables in the model, we need to conduct sensitivity testing of the validated predictive model with more recent data. The student will work with a Population Health Analytics Lab to conduct sensitivity analyses of the predictive model using recent CCHS data. The student will be responsible for applying the predictive model to several cross-sectional cycles of the CCHS and modifying the analytic code for data nuances to test the model over several years. The student will also support the human factors methods developing the user interface for public health.

Year: 2022

Researcher:
Laura Rosella, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto

Student: 
Kitty Chen, University of Ottawa

Through SUDS, undergraduate students engage in hands-on research focused on data sciences and AI methodology applications.

Phylo-genomics

Research description:

This project will use bioinformatic and biostatistical approaches to analyze gene family molecular evolution in recent whole-genome sequence data for over 50 species of Caenorhabditis nematode roundworms. In particular, we will focus on a family of genes important in fertility and cell-cell signalling. The student will use existing genomics software tools as well as develop customized scripts to process and manage data analysis.

Year: 2022

Researcher:
Asher Cutter, Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Arts & Science, University of Toronto

Student: 
Cecilia Kelly Minar Widjaja, University of Toronto

Through SUDS, undergraduate students engage in hands-on research focused on data sciences and AI methodology applications.

Neural networks for classifying capnography waveforms

Research description:

A capnography waveform displays the level of expired carbon dioxide (CO2) over time to show changes in concentrations throughout the respiratory cycle. Capnography waveform abnormalities assist in the detection and diagnosis of specific conditions, such as partial airway obstruction and apnea. Deciphering which capnography waveform abnormalities deserve intervention from those that do not is an essential step towards the successful implementation of this technology into practice. In this study, capnography waveforms collected as part of an international prospective observational trial of opioid-induced respiratory depression on inpatient wards (the PRODIGY study) will be analyzed. A labeled dataset consisting of ~6000 15-second segments of capnography waveform samples has been created. The research student will assist the investigators to determine the accuracy of a neural network for classifying capnography waveforms.

Year: 2022

Researcher:
Aaron Conway, Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto

Student: 
Wentao Zhou, University of Toronto

Through SUDS, undergraduate students engage in hands-on research focused on data sciences and AI methodology applications.

Modeling heterogeneous covariance patterns in high-dimensional brain imaging data

Research description:

An important lesson from the first undergraduate statistics course is that the increased sample size leads to a higher power. In brain imaging studies, it is common to combine data collected from multiple study sites to recruit more subjects and increase the reproducibility of scientific discoveries. However, each study site uses MRI scanners from different manufacturers and its own processing protocols, which results in data being corrupted by *unwanted* scanner effects (also termed batch effects). For high-quality data, it is necessary to remove these unwanted scanner effects but, at the same time, preserve biological patterns. The student will develop a data science methodology that removes explicit scanner effects from high-dimensional brain imaging data. A particular application of interest is the cortical thickness data obtained from structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cortical thickness data reveals an explicit spatial autocorrelation structure, and we hypothesize that the significant source of the scanner effect is heterogeneous spatial autocorrelations by scanners. The student will first conduct exploratory data analysis to visualize and quantify these effects. We will then develop a batch correction method and compare its performance to existing methods using simulation studies. A report summarizing the work is expected by the end of the summer.

Year: 2022

Researcher:
Jun Young Park, Statistical Sciences, Faculty of Arts & Science, University of Toronto

Student: 
Linxi Chen, University of Toronto

Through SUDS, undergraduate students engage in hands-on research focused on data sciences and AI methodology applications.